Logistic regression stata interpretation pdf. such as logistic, regress, stcox, etc.
Logistic regression stata interpretation pdf Keywords: st0269, mlogitgof, goodness of fit, logistic regression, multinomial lo-gistic regression, polytomous logistic regression 1 Introduction Regression models for categorical outcomes should be evaluated for fit and adherence Logistic Regression Logistic regression is a variation of the regression model. The logit model is a linear model in the log odds metric. com suggest that affective, social, and perceptual cues are significantly related to fake reviews with the presence of the regression. Many users prefer the logistic command to logit. “No, you must do logistic regression, duh!” he replied. Instead we would carry out a logistic regression analysis. Stata has various commands for doing logistic regression. 4% drivers violated crosswalks, endangering crossing. Negative Binomial Regression. In Stata they refer to binary outcomes when considering the binomial logistic regression . logistic depvar indep_var1 indep_var2 indep_var3 1. When no link is specified, or is assumed. 05 Prob > chi2 e = 0. This can create problems in logistic regression that you do not have with OLS regression. 330 Logistic quantile regression 3 Stata syntax Inference about the logistic quantile regression model above can be carried out with the new Stata commands lqreg, lqregpred,andlqregplot. Some people refer to conditional logistic regression as multinomial logit. Logistic/Probit Regression. d. Unfortunately, interactions are sometimes hard to interpret. People tended to be more supportive of working mothers in 1989 than in 1977. The actual values taken on by the dependent variable are irrelevant, although larger values are assumed to correspond to “higher” outcomes The or option produces the same results as Stata’s logistic command, and or coefficients yields the same results as the logit command. It is a large sample test based on the likelihood ratio test based on a statistic termed as deviance. The logistic regression coefficients show the change in the predicted logged odds of experiencing an event or having a characteristic for a one-unit increase in the independent variables The examples below are based on Hosmer and Lemeshow’s low birth weight dataset featured in the Stata statistical analysis program’s logistic regression command’s help file. Remarks and examples stata. com clogit — Conditional (fixed-effects) logistic regression DescriptionQuick startMenuSyntax OptionsRemarks and examplesStored resultsMethods and formulas ReferencesAlso see Description clogit fits a conditional logistic regression model for matched case–control data, also known as Running the regression In Stata, we use the ‘mlogit’ command to estimate a multinomial logistic regression. 1 59-74. 97 Prob > chi2 = 0 Interpretation • Logistic Regression • Log odds • Interpretation: Among BA earners, having a parent whose highest degree is a BA degree versus a 2-year degree or less increases the log odds by 0. 477. Logged Odds One interpretation directly uses the coefficients obtained from the estimates of a logistic regression model. 61 Interpretation of ologit results These results are relatively straightforward, intuitive and easy to interpret. It is the most common type of logistic regression and is often simply referred to as logistic regression. 1. generate smoking_30plus=tobgp View Logistic Regression _ Stata Data Analysis Examples. docx Page 9 of 29 * HEAVY SMOKER: Create smoking_30plus = 0/1 measure of tobacco use >=30 gm/day. Moreover, interpretational di culties can be overwhelming in nonlinear models such as logistic regression. Consider first the case of a single binary predictor, where x = (1 if exposed to factor 0 if not;and y = Jan 7, 2022 · Commands. The Stata XT manual is also a good reference. (2012). Z is said to be the moderator of About Logistic Regression. * “0/1” measure of heavy smoking (1=30+ gm/day versus 0=other) 9 Logistic Regression 25b_logistic_regression 27 Training: The big picture 25c_lr_training 56 Training: 1. [2001] andvan Buuren[2007]). A separate handout provides more detail about using Stata. 477)=1. When we have categorical predictor variables, we may run into a “zero-cells” problem. 1 The logistic model Throughout this section we will assume that the outcome has two classes, for simplicity. Respondents are not independent from each other. The standard logistic cdf happens to have the above formula (the pdf is di erent) 6 Title stata. Long, J. 676546 Pseudo R2 = 0. New York: John Wiley & Sons, Inc. The function calculates the probability that each observation has the value 1, and that probability is never smaller than 0 or larger than 1. One value (typically the first, the last, or the value with the Feb 22, 2015 · comes to Logistic regression. Estimating the odds ratio 2. Both model binary outcomes and can include fixed and random effects. It is a parametric method that assumes an underlying logistic model for the imputed variable (given other predictors). To interpret you need to estimate the predicted probabilities of Y=1 (see next page) Dependent variable. Journal of Business & Economic Statistics,1(3), 229-238. (2000). (These are often difficult to interpret, so are sometimes If we assume that u distributes standard logistic then our model becomes P(y = 1jx) = e 0+ 1x 1+e 0+ 1x Remember that there are two di erent concepts: logistic response function and logistic distribution. 93404 Pseudo R2 = 0. Background: Logistic Regression Most popular family of models for binary outcomes (Y = 1 or Y = 0); Mar 20, 2018 · Fixed Effects Regression Models for Categorical Data. 1 lqreg lqreg estimates logistic quantile regression for bounded outcomes. 2 Goodness-of-fit. Ordinal logit: predicted probabilities. This handout tends to make lots of assertions; Allison’s book does a much better job of explaining why those assertions are true and what the technical details behind the models are. 4slogit— Stereotype logistic regression Stereotype logistic models are also used when categories may be indistinguishable. The optional appendices to this handout also provide more details. Independent variable(s) In Stata you run the model as follows: Test the hypothesis that each coefficient is different from 1. Appendix A shows more logical analogs between logistic regression and OLS regression. Logistic regression results can be displayed as odds ratios or as probabilities. The procedure is quite similar to multiple linear regression, with the exception that the such as logistic, regress, stcox, etc. Practice Problems . We want to fit a regression for the mean of y conditional on x: E(yjx). Mlogit models are a straightforward extension of logistic models. For a discussion using Stata with an emphasis on model specification, see Vittinghoff et al. 0801 Apr 5, 2022 · The parameters of logit models are typically difficult to interpret, and the applied literature is replete with interpretive and computational mistakes. 908161 Iteration 4: log likelihood = -85. Logistic Regression Stata Illustration …. , Clark VA and May S. 3. ) Logistic regression starts with di erent model setup than linear regression: instead of modeling Y as a function of Xdirectly, we model the Dec 7, 2017 · could run a linear regression analysis with a yes/no outcome variable. It is developed for dependent variables that only have the value 0 or 1. theoretically below. 895098 Iteration 1: log likelihood = -85. In these models the raw coe cients are often not of much interest; what we want Interpretation • Logistic Regression • Log odds • Interpretation: Among BA earners, having a parent whose highest degree is a BA degree versus a 2-year degree or less increases the log odds by 0. 2. Unit 5 – Logistic Regression Homework #6 - Practice Problems SOLUTIONS – Stata version Source: Afifi A. Suppose that a consumer must choose among A, B, C, or D. 823 Iteration 1: log likelihood = - 13224. The form of the likelihood function is similar but not identical to that of multinomial (more precisely, clogit interprets 0 and not 0 to indicate the dichotomy). Here we explain the interpretation of three different kinds of interactions Teaching\stata\stata version 14\Stata for Logistic Regression. In this section, we are going to discuss some common numeric problems with logistic regression analysis. SOLUTIONS . g. The multinomial logistic regression imputation method can be used to fill in missing values of a nomial variable (for example,Raghunathan et al. In this handout, we’ll examine hypothesis testing in logistic regression and make comparisons between logistic regression and OLS. 211–229 metandi: Meta-analysis of diagnostic accuracy using hierarchical logistic regression Roger M. Title stata. Statistics >Categorical outcomes >Multinomial logistic regression Description mlogit fits maximum-likelihood multinomial logit models, also known as polytomous logis-tic regression. Conditional logistic analysis differs from regular logistic regression in that the data are grouped and the likelihood is calculated relative to each group; that is, a conditional likelihood is used. Option Main cmd options must be the same options specified with the underlying estimation command, except the display options may differ. or requests the logit link and results in odds ratios if coefficients is not specified. race smoke ptl ht ui low Bernoulli logit That is, we wish to fit a model in which low birthweight is determined by a history of hypertension May 28, 2016 · parsimonious and more difficult to interpret, such as the multinomial logit model which makes no use of information about the ordering of categories. Version STATA. 96 (for a 95% confidence). 3. Source: Afifi A. logistic—Logisticregression,reportingoddsratios Description Quickstart Menu Syntax Options Remarksandexamples Storedresults Methodsandformulas References Alsosee Title stata. See Methods and formulas at the end of this entry. The data are a study of depression and was a longitudinal study. Estimating the Logit Model using Stata 2. Computer Aided Multivariate Analysis, Fourth Edition. Thus it is an extension of logistic regression, which analyzes dichotomous (binary) dependents. The model estimates conditional means in terms of logits (log odds). PU/DSS/OTR. Multinomial logistic modeling assumes that the four choices are distinct in the sense that a consumer choosing one of the goods can distinguish its Jul 8, 2020 · Statistical analysis, tests and Binary logistic regression model were used to evaluate the behaviors. A Stata Conference - July 19, 2018 Giovanni Nattino 1 / 19. In the data set hsb2, we have a variable called write for writing Feb 20, 2022 · Standardized Coefficients in Logistic Regression Page 4 variables to the model. The problem is that survey analyses do not base inference standard likelihood theory. Using the Stata menus, you can estimate a logistic regression as follows: click on "Statistics" click on "Binary outcomes" click on "Logistic regression" A window like the one below will open up: Fill in the name of your 0/1 response variable in the "Dependent variable:" box and the name of 4ologit— Ordered logistic regression. Basic Concept 2. It is a parametric method that assumes an underlying multinomial logistic model for the imputed variable (given other predictors). Estimating log-odds ratio 2. They differ in their default output and in some logit—Logisticregression,reportingcoefficients3 Options Model noconstant,offset(varname),constraints(constraints);see[R]Estimationoptions Logistic regression is basically like regular regression except that the formulas are incredibly messy (we will let the computer do all the work), there is the extra conversion to do to go from the regression equation to the predicted probability, and there are some interpretations in terms of odds and odds ratios. In linear regression what loss function was used to determine the Model Summary Logit estimates Number of obs c = 200 LR chi2(3) d = 71. STATA gives two kinds of BIOSTATS 640 – Spring 2017 5. Hence, logistic regression may be thought of as an approach that is similar to that of multiple linear regression, but takes into account the fact that the dependent variable is categorical. For more detailed discussion and examples, see John Fox’s Regression Diagnostics and Menard’s Applied Logistic Regression Analysis. Boca Raton: Chapman and Hall, 2004. Quick start Logistic regression and discriminant analysis by ordinary least squares. Logistic Regression Other GLM’s for Binary Outcomes Logistic Regression in Stata. Poisson Regression. The data are a study of depression What is Multinomial Logistic Regression? Multinomial Logistic Regression is the linear regression analysis to conduct when the dependent variable is nominal with more than two levels. (1997)Regression models for categorical and limited dependent variables. Categorical data and 2 x 2 tables It is more difficult to interpret the results from mlogit than those from clogit or logit because there are multiple equations. As with the logistic regression method, the command produces untransformed beta coefficients, which are in log-odd units and their confidence intervals. We describe their syntax in this section and illustrate their use in section 4. 1 or 2). We chose this dataset because it is Unit 5 – Logistic Regression. docx Page 10of 30. Stata and SPSS differ a bit in their approach, but both are quite competent at handling logistic regression. logistic chd age Logistic regression Number of obs = 100 LR chi2(1) = 29. SeeGould(2000) for a discussion of the interpretation of logistic regression. Regression Analysis | Chapter 14 | Logistic Regression Models | Shalabh, IIT Kanpur 7 Test of hypothesis: The test of hypothesis for the parameters in the logistic regression model is based on asymptotic theory. Harbord Department of Social Medicine University of Bristol Bristol, UK roger. Suppose a DV has M categories. Options Model noconstant; see[R] estimation options. Understand the basics of the logistic regression model Understand important differences between logistic regression and linear regression Be able to interpret results from logistic regression (focusing on interpretation of odds ratios ) If the only thing you learn from this lecture is how to interpret odds ratio then we have both succeeded. Teaching\stata\stata version 14\Stata for Logistic Regression. To reject this, the t-value has to be higher than 1. Beyond BinaryLogistic Regression with Stata with movies; Visualizing Main Effects andInteractions for Binary Logit Models in Stata with movies Stat Books for Loan, Logistic Regression and Limited Dependent Variables; References. 80 Prob > chi2 = 0. . 2145----- Also see[R] logistic; logistic displays estimates as odds ratios. Assume Jul 1, 2011 · PDF | Logistic regression (LR) continues to be one of the most widely used methods in data mining in general and binary data classification in | Find, read and cite all the research you need on A binomial logistic regression is used to predict a dichotomous dependent variable based on one or more continuous or nominal independent variables. 5 Common Numerical Problems with Logistic Regression. (We return to the general Kclass setup at the end. “No, you must do multilevel regression, duh!” he replied. For example, suppose that one of the independent variables in our model takes on the values 0 and 1, and we are attempting to understand the effect of this variable. Some authors (e. Hosmer, D. Sadly,82. Testing the equality of regression coefficients Dec 6, 2021 · Logistic regression, also known as logit regression, logit model, or just logit, is one of the most regression analyses taught at universities and used in data analysis. docx Page 4of 30 * Create "0/1" variables when you want to use commands cc, cs . We assume a binomial distribution produced the outcome variable and we therefore want to model p the probability of success for a given set of predictors. An interaction occurs if the relation between one predictor, X, and the outcome (response) variable, Y, depends on the value of another independent variable, Z (Fisher, 1926). Logistic regression predicts the probability of the dependent response, rather than the value of the response (as in simple linear regression). Examples of ordered logistic regression. It is based on the R package meqrlogit Multilevel mixed-effects logistic regression (QR decomposition) meprobit Multilevel mixed-effects probit regression mecloglog Multilevel mixed-effects complementary log-log regression Mixed-effects ordinal regression meologit Multilevel mixed-effects ordered logistic regression meoprobit Multilevel mixed-effects ordered probit regression Feb 3, 2014 · Logistic regression is used to obtain odds ratio in the presence of more than one explanatory variable. com bayes: logit — Bayesian logistic regression, reporting coefficients DescriptionQuick startMenuSyntax Remarks and examplesStored resultsMethods and formulasReference Also see Description bayes: logit fits a Bayesian logistic regression to a binary outcome; see[BAYES] bayes and [R] logit for details. com The form of the link test implemented here is based on an idea ofTukey(1949), which was further 2xtologit— Random-effects ordered logistic models Menu Statistics >Longitudinal/panel data >Ordinal outcomes >Logistic regression (RE) Description xtologit fits random-effects ordered logistic models. It is used when the dependent response variable is binary in nature. Overview. If you are one of them Nov 16, 2022 · Stata’s clogit performs maximum likelihood estimation with a dichotomous dependent variable; conditional logistic analysis differs from regular logistic regression in that the data are stratified and the likelihoods are computed relative to each stratum. ac. & Lemeshow, S. com bayes: logistic — Bayesian logistic regression, reporting odds ratios DescriptionQuick startMenuSyntax Remarks and examplesStored resultsMethods and formulasReference Also see Description bayes: logistic fits a Bayesian logistic regression to a binary outcome; see[BAYES] bayes and [R] logistic for details. Similarly to the logistic imputation be used for binary logistic regression models, where it gives results identical to the Hosmer–Lemeshow test. Jan 17, 2022 · In this handout, we’ll examine hypothesis testing in logistic regression and make comparisons between logistic regression and OLS. 11818 b Pseudo R2 f = 0. There are two versions, logit which gives the raw coefficients and their standard errors and logistic which gives the odds ratios and their standard errors. They differ in their default output and in some Aug 14, 2024 · 1. 0009 Log likelihood = -107. 0000 Log likelihood = -80. 951765 Iteration 2: log likelihood = -85. Logistic Regression Logistic Regression Logistic regression is a GLM used to model a binary categorical variable using numerical and categorical predictors. Logistic regression Number of obs = 189 LR chi2(4) = 15. Version info: Code for this page was tested in Stata 12. Let’s look at an example. medeff:is the Stata command for implementing the imputation approach by Imai. There are two models of logistic regression, binary logistic regression and Using Stata features to interpret and visualize regression results with examples for binary models. 11 LOGISTIC REGRESSION - INTERPRETING PARAMETERS 11 Logistic Regression - Interpreting Parameters Let us expand on the material in the last section, trying to make sure we understand the logistic regression model and can interpret Stata output. Motorcyclists exhibit the most Sep 8, 2017 · Second, we discuss the two fundamental implications of running this kind of analysis with a nested data structure: In multilevel logistic regression, the odds that the outcome variable equals one estatclassification—Classificationstatisticsandtable Description Quickstart Menuforestat Syntax Options Remarksandexamples Storedresults Methodsandformulas May 27, 2015 · However, because you have survey data, you have a more serious problem: possibly all of your logistic results are wrong: certainly the standard errors and p-values, the coefficients also if you did not weight the logistic analysis. Then, you’ve asked him whether you could run this logistic regression analysis, knowing that you have surveyed various pupils from different classrooms. Only interested in a sub-set of sample. There is a good reason for this popularity. * HEAVY SMOKER: Create smoking_30plus = 0/1 measure of tobacco use >=30 gm/day. Multinomial Logistic Regression. We discuss this further in a later handout. LR chi2(3) – This is the likelihood ratio (LR) chi-square test. 908161 Ordered logistic regression Number of obs = 66 LR chi2(1) = 7. Logistic Regression – Stata Users Page 2 of 66 Nature Population/ Sample In a logistic model regression analysis, the framework is a little different: stand logistic regression results. SeeDupont(2009) or Hilbe(2009) for a discussion of logistic regression with examples using Stata. generate smoking_30plus=tobgp However, interpretation of regression tables can be very challenging in the case of interaction e ects, categorical variables, or nonlinear functional forms. 2 Residuals and predicted values To get the predicted values of the dependent variable according to the latest model estimated, Jan 17, 2022 · Ordered and Multinomial Models; Also, Hamilton’s Statistics with Stata, Updated for Version 7. 279, ologit estimates a score, S, as a linear function of the X’s: extended the technique of a multiple logistic regression analysis to research situation where the outcome model is fit to the data in Table 1 using STATA software Apr 26, 2021 · Psy 525/625 Categorical Data Analysis, Spring 2021 1 . Applied Logistic Regression (Second Edition). The dataset can be accessed within Stata by issuing the command webuse lbw from the Stata command line. This model has been known about since at least the 1980s Mixed effects probit regression is very similar to mixed effects logistic regression, but it uses the normal CDF instead of the logistic CDF. The goal of our coverage of logistic regression is to give you the skills you need to understand results in a subject-area journal that are obtained from tting a logistic regression model and t the model yourself. Stata uses a listwise deletion by default, which means that if there is a missing value for any variable in the logistic regression, the entire case will be excluded from the analysis. Example 1: A marketing research firm wants to investigate what factors influence the size of soda (small, medium, large or extra large) that people order at a fast-food chain. Continuous dependent variables (y) in [0,1] or (0,1). In this article, we present and critique a third choice: the Generalized Ordered Logit/Partial Proportional Odds Model (gologit/ppo). 61 Introduction to Stata for Logistic Regression. Some case studies where fractional regression has been applied. Univariate imputation using ordered logistic regression The ordered logistic regression imputation method can be used to fill in missing values of an ordinal variable (for example,Raghunathan et al. 79 2example 33g— Logistic regression Fitting the logit model The model we wish to fit is age lwt 1b. Overview of commands for causal mediation analysis in STATA paramed:was the first Stata command to be developed for conducting causal mediation analysis allowing for exposure-mediator interaction (Emsley, Liu, Valeri, VanderWeele, 2012). Estimation in Logistic Regression Unlike in linear regression where there exists a closed-form solution to finding the estimates, ↓1 ’s, for the true parameters, logistic regression estimates cannot be calculated through simple matrix multiplication. There is a however a special kind of regression analysis for such variables: Logistic regression. We have seen from our previous lessons that Stata’s output of logistic regression contains the log likelihood chi-square and pseudo R-square for the model. We have used both a dichotomous and a continuous independent variable in the logistic regressions that we have run so far. repair. S. Each respondent carries different weight on the findings. 31 Prob > chi2 = 0. Quality & Quantity43. . logitpostestimation—Postestimationtoolsforlogit5 Example1:Predictedprobabilities Inexample2of[R]logit,wefitthelogitmodellogitforeignb3. 908227 Iteration 3: log likelihood = -85. • However, we can easily transform this into odds ratios by exponentiating the coefficients: exp(0. 81 Title stata. Logistic regression has also been considered by many analysts to be an important procedure in predictive analytics, as well as in the longer established Six Sigma movement. With large data sets, I find that Stata tends to be far faster than SPSS, which is one of the many reasons I prefer it. Toobtainpredicted A Comparison of R and STATA Datasets15 1 Introduction Regression models are often used to explore associations between different variances, sometimes including interactions. In this article, I review a menu of options to interpret the results of logistic regressions correctly and effectively using Stata. Interactions with Logistic Regression . Overview Aug 26, 2024 · Commands. Hellevik, Ottar (2009): Linear versus logistic regression when the dependent variable is a dichotomy. Results are the same regardless of which you use—both are the maximum-likelihood estimator. logit Clear Antibiotic NumEars TwoToFive SixPlus Logistic regression Number of obs = 203 LR chi2(4) = 21. When categories are unordered, Multinomial Logistic regression is one often-used strategy. Winship & Mare, ASR 1984) therefore recommend Y-Standardization or Full-Standardization. race 2. 2 Logistic regression 2. Following Hamilton, 2006, p. Logistic regression fits a maximum likelihood logit model. Interpret the above expressions as probabilities. STATA outputs for the pertinent logistic regression model are below. It is a non-linear model which predicts the outcome of a categorical dependent variable with respect to a vector of independent variables. harbord@bristol. Exercises #1-#3 utilize a data set provided by Afifi, Clark and May (2004). Unlike traditional linear or nor - mal regression, logistic regression is appropriate for modeling a binary vari-able. 00 The Stata Journal (2009) 9, Number 2, pp. Several auxiliary commands that can be run after logit, probit, or logistic estimation are described in[R] logistic postestimation. Ordered Logistic Regression. Since the SPSS output of the analysis is somewhat different to the Logistic Regression – Stata Users Page 2 of 66 Nature Population/ Sample In a logistic model regression analysis, the framework is a little different: Module 9 (Stata Practical): Single -level and Multilevel Models for Ordinal Responses Centre for Multilevel Modelling, 2016 4 Iteration 0: log likelihood = - 13224. Quick start Logistic regression sometimes called the logistic model or logit model, analyzes the relationship between multiple independent variables and a categorical dependent variable, and estimates the probability of occur-rence of an event by fitting data to a logistic curve. If this is the case Logistic regression is an important topic, and you are strongly encouraged to take a categorical data analysis course. 0000 Log likelihood = -53. Fixed effects logistic regression is limited in this case because it may ignore necessary random effects and/or non independence in the From version 14, Stata includes the fracreg and betareg commands for fractional outcome regressions. ologit rep77 foreign Iteration 0: log likelihood = -89. 823 Ordered logistic regression Number of obs = 10,340 LR chi2(0) = 0. race 3. You can define constraints to perform constrained estimation. I’m trying to more or less follow Menard, but you’ll have to learn to adapt to whatever the author or statistical program happens to use. It is a boon to anyone who has to present the tangible meaning of a complex model clearly, regardless of the audience. uk Penny Whiting Department of Social Medicine University of Bristol Bristol, UK Abstract. Estimating predicted probabilities after logit coefficients. Analysis with conditional logistic regression (CLR) The conditional random effects logistic likelihood (CRELR) Estimating CRELR using Stata Analysis of family case-control studies in Stata David C Muller Cancer Epidemiology Centre Cancer Council Victoria Centre for MEGA Epidemiology University of Melbourne 17 September 2011 Feb 1, 2003 · The results of logistic regression analysis of 43,496 reviews from Yelp. pdf from AA 14/3/2019 Logistic Regression | Stata Data Analysis Examples LOGISTIC REGRESSION | STATA DATA ANALYSIS EXAMPLES Logistic Michael Mitchell's Interpreting and Visualizing Regression Models Using Stata, Second Edition is a clear treatment of how to carefully present results from model fitting in a wide variety of settings. Males, whites and older people tended to be less supportive of working mothers, while better educated people and people with higher occupational bayes:logistic—Bayesianlogisticregression,reportingoddsratios Description Quickstart Menu Syntax Remarksandexamples Storedresults Methodsandformulas Reference Alsosee Our main goals were to make you aware of 1) the similarities and differences between OLS regression and logistic regression and 2) how to interpret the output from Stata’s logit and logistic commands. com estat gof Logistic regression Number of obs = 189 LR chi2(4) = 18. 3072 Introduction to Stata for Logistic Regression. jcgkk momvxd bsckejg wyppc hbsqyb luvw nxsfawhmn avnz fuykq xidn